Overview: The rapidly growing demand for data centres is reshaping energy systems, water infrastructure and sustainability priorities across APAC. In response, regulators are increasingly moving from permissive growth models toward frameworks that tie new capacity to sustainability outcomes, system integration, and wider economic value creation. Singapore’s DC-CFA 2 provides a leading example of this evolution and offers insight into how expectations for data centre (DC) operators may continue to rise across the region.
DC capacity growth and implications
The data centre industry is in the middle of a step-change in scale. What was once a specialised piece of digital infrastructure is now a major variable in national energy systems, water systems, and climate policy, a dynamic exacerbated by AI workloads. The pace and scale of that growth are reshaping how governments, regulators and markets relate to DC operators.
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DC
electricity demand is on track to more than double globally by 2030. While the US, China, and Europe are
anticipated to continue leading in this respect, Southeast Asia is projected to
see demand double before 2030, driven partly by the emergence of major DC hubs
in Singapore and Johor, Malaysia.
Let's bring your climate and clean energy goals to life together.
Rapid
expansion of DCs puts a significant strain on national resources. With limited
resources available, the capacity allocated towards infrastructure is fixed and
must be optimised. New DCs need to navigate these constraints carefully,
managing resource utilisation alongside rapidly increasing compute demand,
especially with the advent of AI workloads. Rising energy demands require
resilient and sustainable deployment to ease grid stress and address rising
scrutiny over the sector’s emissions. This
will pose major challenges for the new wave of DC deployment.
But
it will also create opportunities
to
deploy and upgrade core infrastructure systems towards a more sustainable
future. For example:
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Shifting expectations from regulators and the market
As DC footprints grow, the social licence to operate is being renegotiated. Across APAC, regulators are moving from a permissive stance to one that asks DCs to actively contribute to the systems they sit within – power, water, and land. Three key examples of this are Australia, Malaysia, and Singapore.
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Of these three approaches, Singapore's DC-CFA offers the most structured and replicable framework, making it a useful reference point for how sustainability-led allocation may evolve across the region.
Singapore’s DC-CFA as a leading example of sustainability-led infrastructure growth
Singapore has established itself as a key hub within the region, leading in AI integration and digital economy development while focusing on sustainable resource management amid the country’s resource constraints. Singapore’s policy approaches are often closely watched across the region and can provide an early indication of how regulatory expectations may evolve elsewhere. Key sustainability outcomes under the DC-CFA 2 include:
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The DC-CFA pushes for best-in-class sustainability while contributing to Singapore’s strategic and economic objectives. After the first DC-CFA in 2022, the DC-CFA 2 launched in 2025 shifted towards stricter approval requirements with higher expectations for DCs to add value, not just meet sustainability thresholds. This trend is likely to continue in upcoming tenders.
The DC-CFA emphasises strong value propositions such as unique technology and operating models, cross-sectoral partnerships, operational expertise beyond capital, and impacts that scale beyond the four walls of the facility into the wider utility system.
The process developed in
Singapore serves as a potential blueprint or reference point for regulators in the region and globally as the
deployment of DCs gains momentum. DC operators who pay attention to the priority areas
and expectations around how DCs can enable existing systems will be well
positioned to future-proof expansion plans.
What this means for DC operators in the region
Singapore’s DC-CFA acts as a leading example of the regulatory shift towards more stringent sustainability standards. Operators must treat rising sustainability expectations as a strategic issue that influences market access, growth, and regulatory outcomes – not just a compliance one. Strengthening commitments and advancing efforts to align with national objectives will increasingly differentiate operators in future allocation and approval processes.
Operators who internalise this view will be better positioned not only for future CFA rounds, but for the broader wave of expectations across the region for capacity expansion. Drawing on Climant Impact’s support to DCs on strategising, drafting, and executing commitments under the DC-CFA process, we have identified key lessons on how DC operators should orient themselves for these expectations.
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Taken together, these lessons outline a higher standard for what a
credible DC sustainability strategy looks like. Value
propositions need to extend beyond the asset itself, into ecosystem-level
impact. Differentiation works better than breadth. Delivery credibility is judged by how
coherently commitments hold together. And individual pathways – energy, water,
carbon – are increasingly assessed as part of an integrated system, not in
isolation.
Preparing for the next phase of DC growth
DC-CFA 2 is one moment in a
much longer shift.
The operators best-placed to navigate it are
those who treat sustainability strategy as integral to commercial positioning – not as a parallel
workstream.
For DC-CFA 2 applicants:
Following submissions for DC-CFA 2, applications will be evaluated by Singapore’s lead agencies against the stated requirements. For operators already in the process, the focus should be on strengthening the credibility of their bids throughout the evaluation, executing commitments post-evaluation, and reviewing their strategic positioning.
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All
applicants should expect to provide
clarifications on technical assumptions,
sustainability pathways, and delivery sequencing,
while maintaininginternal
readiness. The
latter includes confirming partner availability, monitoring commercial
conditions, and ensuring consortium commitments remain executable.
For those who pass the initial
screening, deeper engagementcan be expected to align on conditions and milestones,
translate bid commitments into an execution-ready action plan, and advance
critical dependencies. This is especially so for energy pathfinding, which has
long lead times. Successful
bid approvalwould then
move the proposal into enforceable territory: formal instruments are executed,
regulatory pathfinding completed, and implementation commences against agreed
milestones with ongoing lead agency oversight.
For unsuccessful applicants, building on the momentum of DC-CFA 2 still has strategic value. A structured review of bid strengths and gaps – and reprioritisation towards R&D, sustainability innovation, or ecosystem partnerships – directly strengthens positioning for future allocation rounds. Given that Singapore has signalled up to 700MW12 of additional capacity, DC-CFA 2 is not the last competition of this kind. Operators who use this round to build and refine their sustainability strategy and embed it at the portfolio level will be better positioned for allocations that follow.
For operators planning regional expansion:
For operators preparing to expand in the region, the priority is getting ahead of the market before allocation or approval processes begin. The goal is not simply to meet compliance thresholds, but to build projects that are approval-ready, strategically aligned, and resilient under rising scrutiny.
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Operators who treat sustainability as a strategic capability rather than simply matching current compliance will be better positioned for future growth access in this rapidly changing regulatory landscape. If this aligns with your approach, we welcome a conversation on how these dynamics apply to your portfolio.  
DCs should use innovative, efficient and sustainable solutions to minimise
water use
New DCs and AI infrastructure should not place upward pressure on energy prices and should make a positive contribution to Australia’s energy transition
DC operators should support Australia’s economy by creating fair, safe, secure and
well-paid jobs for Australian workers
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